Level of conflict:

• Intrapersonal: Conflict within oneself due to difference in goal, role and personal value.
• Interpersonal: Conflict between individual or small groups.
• Intragroup: Conflict between larger group or team.
• Intergroup: Conflict between two or more organizations.
• International: Conflict between countries.

Sources of conflict:

• Miscommunication: Confusion and misunderstandings in conversation.
• Difference in values: Disagreement due to different belief or principles.
• Limited resource: Conflicts over scare things like money or time.
• Role ambiguity: Unclear expectation about roles and responsibilities.
• Personality clashes: Dispute arising from different personalities and styles.

1.2 Conflict resolution method

• Avoidance: Ignoring the issue and conflicts.
• Diffusion: Using humor to ease tension or defuse into multiple sector.
• Containment: Managing emotion to prevent escalation.
• Confrontation: Addressing the conflict directly.
• Conciliation: Bringing a neutral person to help parties agree.
• Mediation: A mediator helps parties find middle ground.
• Arbitration: A neutral person decides the solution.
• Litigation: Taking the conflicts to court for a decision.

1.3 Dispute resolution method

• Adjudication: An experts decide the outcome and both parties must follow it.
• Arbitration: A neutral person hears both sides and make decision like a judge  but outside a court.

1.4 Difference between conflict and dispute

References:

• Giddens, A. (2009). Sociology. Polity Press.
• Kumar, A. (2014). Engineering Ethics and Human Values. Laxmi Publications.
• Schaefer, R.T. (2018). Sociology: A Brief Introduction. McGraw-Hill Education.
• Manual of Engineering Professional Practice (Nepal Engineering Council)

The post Conflict and Dispute Management in Engineering appeared first on OnlineEngineeringNotes.