1.1 Introduction to Specification Specification is the specific description of project which describe the nature and class of work, material to be used. Importance of specification: Purpose of specification: Writing specification: 1. Description of material 2. Workmanship 3. Tools 4. Work protection 5. Expression 6. Clauses of specification 1.2 Specification of RCC 1. Specification material: … Read more
1.1 Introduction Valuation is the technique of estimating or determining the fair price or value of a property such as building, factory, other engineering structure of various types of land etc. 1.2 Purpose of valuation 1.3 Terms used in valuation 1. Value and cost 2. Book value 3. Assessed value 4. Distressed value or forced … Read more
1.1 Introduction 1.2 Purpose of Rate Analysis 1.3 Importance of Rate Analysis 1.4 Requirement of Rate Analysis 1.5 Factors affecting Rate Analysis References:
1.1 Approximate Estimates Types: a. Unit rate estimate: b. Plinth area estimate: c. Cubic rate estimate: 1.2 Detailed Estimate Factors to be considered for preparation of detail estimate: 1.3 Revised Estimate 1.4 Supplementary Estimate It is also a detailed estimate and is prepared when additional work is required to supplement the original work. 1.5 Annual … Read more
1.1 Introduction and Importance of Estimation Importance of Estimation: 1.2 System of Unit 1.3 Units of Measurement and Payment for items of work and Materials S/N Description of work Units of measurement Units of payment 1 Earthwork a E/W in excavation m^3 per m^3 b E/W in filling m^3 per m^3 c Surface … Read more
1.1 Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) Causes of accident in construction projects: 1. Physical cause 2. Physiological cause 3. Psychological cause Minimizing the construction accident: 1.2 Safety Planning Steps in safety planning: Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Training to improve safety standard at construction site: Role of safety engineer: 1.3 Maintenance Importance: Objective of maintenance management: … Read more
1.1 Introduction to quality control/assurance Quality control Quality assurance Monitoring and inspecting the final product. Ensuring quality throughout the entire process. Identify and improve defect. Prevent the defect. Limited to final product. Covers entire production control. Improves final products quality. Ensure consistent quality in production. Testing car brakes before delivery. Ensure manufacturing process meets specification. … Read more
1.1 Introduction to construction tools, machines, plants and equipment 1.2 Advantage of using construction equipment 1.3 Equipment for excavation, transportation and compaction Equipment for excavation: 1. Dozer 2. Excavator 3. Scrappers 4. Grader 5. Dragline Equipment for Transportation: 1. Trucks 2. Mini Dumper 3. Rail wagons 4. Belt conveyor 5. Ropeway Equipment for Compaction: 1. … Read more
1.1 Method of work execution S/N Procurement Method Contract Size Contractor 1 Sealed Bidding a ICB Greater than 5 Billion NPR International or Nepali b NCB/LCB More than 20 Lakh to 5 Arab Nepali 2 Sealed Quotation Upto 20 Lakh All 3 Direct Procurement Upto 5 to 10 Lakh All 4 Force … Read more
1.1 Difference between project and program Project Program A temporary activity with a specific goal, scope and resources to deliver or create a unique output within a defined timeframe. A collection of related projects managed and coordinated to achieve strategic objective. Limited scope with defined start and end dates. Broader in scope, involving multiple interconnected … Read more