In many thousands of households located underneath the flight path of Tribhuvan International Airport (TIA), there is a common occurrence which they accept as something normal – the physical shaking of their buildings as a result of vibrations caused by aircraft taking off and landing. This problem is especially acute in the TIA zoned area. … Read more
Constructing a building in Nepal will be one of the largest financial investments that any family would ever make. Regardless of whether you plan to construct a simple two-story building in Pokhara or a luxurious villa in Kathmandu, knowing the true cost of construction before laying the first brick can prevent future regret and unnecessary … Read more
1.1 Introduction to Specification Specification is the specific description of project which describe the nature and class of work, material to be used. Importance of specification: Purpose of specification: Writing specification: 1. Description of material 2. Workmanship 3. Tools 4. Work protection 5. Expression 6. Clauses of specification 1.2 Specification of RCC 1. Specification material: … Read more
1.1 Introduction Valuation is the technique of estimating or determining the fair price or value of a property such as building, factory, other engineering structure of various types of land etc. 1.2 Purpose of valuation 1.3 Terms used in valuation 1. Value and cost 2. Book value 3. Assessed value 4. Distressed value or forced … Read more
1.1 Introduction 1.2 Purpose of Rate Analysis 1.3 Importance of Rate Analysis 1.4 Requirement of Rate Analysis 1.5 Factors affecting Rate Analysis References:
1.1 Approximate Estimates Types: a. Unit rate estimate: b. Plinth area estimate: c. Cubic rate estimate: 1.2 Detailed Estimate Factors to be considered for preparation of detail estimate: 1.3 Revised Estimate 1.4 Supplementary Estimate It is also a detailed estimate and is prepared when additional work is required to supplement the original work. 1.5 Annual … Read more
1.1 Introduction and Importance of Estimation Importance of Estimation: 1.2 System of Unit 1.3 Units of Measurement and Payment for items of work and Materials S/N Description of work Units of measurement Units of payment 1 Earthwork a E/W in excavation m^3 per m^3 b E/W in filling m^3 per m^3 c Surface … Read more
1.1 Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) Causes of accident in construction projects: 1. Physical cause 2. Physiological cause 3. Psychological cause Minimizing the construction accident: 1.2 Safety Planning Steps in safety planning: Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Training to improve safety standard at construction site: Role of safety engineer: 1.3 Maintenance Importance: Objective of maintenance management: … Read more
1.1 Introduction to quality control/assurance Quality control Quality assurance Monitoring and inspecting the final product. Ensuring quality throughout the entire process. Identify and improve defect. Prevent the defect. Limited to final product. Covers entire production control. Improves final products quality. Ensure consistent quality in production. Testing car brakes before delivery. Ensure manufacturing process meets specification. … Read more
1.1 Introduction to construction tools, machines, plants and equipment 1.2 Advantage of using construction equipment 1.3 Equipment for excavation, transportation and compaction Equipment for excavation: 1. Dozer 2. Excavator 3. Scrappers 4. Grader 5. Dragline Equipment for Transportation: 1. Trucks 2. Mini Dumper 3. Rail wagons 4. Belt conveyor 5. Ropeway Equipment for Compaction: 1. … Read more