1.1 Introduction
- Method of determining the rate per unit of particular item of work considering the cost and quantities of material, cost of labor, hire of tools, contractor profit etc. is known as rate analysis.
- The rate of materials and labor vary from place to place and therefore the rate of different item of work also varies from place to place.
1.2 Purpose of Rate Analysis
- To determine the actual cost per unit of item.
- To determine the economical use of material.
- To determine the cost of extra item which are not provided in contract document.
- To examine the viability of rates offered by contractor.
- To calculate the quantity of material and labor strength required for project planning.
1.3 Importance of Rate Analysis
- It gives clear picture of the various types of labor and material required for completing the particular work.
- Used to settle dispute between contractor and client.
- Used for compensation by insurance.
1.4 Requirement of Rate Analysis
- Correct information of the market rates of material.
- Correct information of the rates of various categories of labor.
- Output of labor.
- Knowledge, rate of out turn of various types plants to be used in the construction work.
- Upto date knowledge of construction work.
1.5 Factors affecting Rate Analysis
- Quality of material.
- Proportion of mortar.
- Location of site.
- Facilities available for transportation of labor and material to work site .
- Overhead charge.
- Availability of water connection.
- Possibility of theft of losses.
- Miscellaneous expenditure.
References:
- Dutta, B.N. – Estimating and Costing in Civil Engineering, UBS Publishers, New Delhi.
- CPWD (Central Public Works Department), India – Standard Schedule of Rates and Analysis of Rates.
- IS 1200 – Indian Standard for Method of Measurement of Building and Civil Engineering Works, Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS).
- Punmia, B.C. – Estimating and Costing, Laxmi Publications.
- Building Estimation and Costing Notes – Department of Civil Engineering, Pokhara University.
- MoUD Nepal – Standard Norms and Guidelines for Public Infrastructure Development Projects.