1.1 Introduction Foundation soil improvement: Method of soil improvement: 1.2 Mechanical compaction Purpose: Equipment: 1. Smooth wheeled roller 2. Vibratory roller 3. Impact rammer 1.3 Preloading 1.4 Sand compaction pile and stone column Sand compaction pile: Stone column: 1.5 Soil stabilization by the use of admixture Types of admixture: 1. Soil cement admixture 2. Soil … Read more
1.1 Introduction, type and shape of well foundation Types of well foundation 1. Open well 2. Pneumatic caissons 3. Box caissons Shape of well foundation 1. Circular well 2. Doub D-well 3. Double octagonal well 4. Twin circular well 5. Rectangular wall 1.2 Component of well foundation 1.3 Depth of well foundation 1. Minimum grip … Read more
1.1 Introduction and types of mat foundation Mat foundation: Types of mat foundation: 1. Flat slab mat 2. Flat slab thickedd under column 3. Rigid frame 4. Piled raft mat 5. Flat slab with pedestals 1.2 Bearing capacity and settlements 1. For cohesive soil qnu = CNc[1+0.2(Df/B)]*[1+0.2(B/L)] ∴ qnu = 5C[1+0.2(Df/B)]*[1+0.2(B/L)] Let, Q = Total … Read more
1.1 Definition and type of earth pressure Lateral earth pressure: Lateral earth pressure = K * over burden stress or, σh = K* σv or, σh = K* γZ where, K = Coefficient of lateral pressure Types of lateral earth pressure: 1. Earth pressure at rest 2. Active earth pressure 3. Passive earth pressure 1.2 … Read more
1.1 Purpose, importance and types of foundation Types of foundation: A. Shallow foundation Types of shallow foundation: 1. Strip / Continuous footing 2. Spread / Isolated footing 3. Combined footing 4. Strap / Cantilever footing 5. Mat / Raft foundation B. Deep foundation Types of deep foundation: 1. Pile foundation 2. Pier foundation 3. Well … Read more
1.1 Soil investigation and soil exploration Soil investigation: The process of collecting information about subsurface and taking sample to determine profile of natural soil deposits and engineering properties of soil. Soil exploration: The field and laboratory studies carried out for obtaining necessary information about sub soil characteristics including the position of ground water table. Objective … Read more
1.1 Purpose, importance and types of foundation Purpose / Importance: Types of foundation: A. Shallow foundation Types of shallow foundation: 1. Strip / Continuous footing 2. Spread / Isolated footing 3. Combined footing 4. Strap / Cantilever footing 5. Mat / Raft foundation B. Deep foundation Types of deep foundation: 1. Pile foundation 2. Pier … Read more